Addison Raehigh
'United States of Addison' million-dollar bill
A $1,000,000 bill with her face in the centre, 'Addison' in her signature font, and 'The United States of Addison' on the right.
15The billboards on the I-10
The short versionEvery spring, artists and labels rent billboards on the interstate between Los Angeles and Indio, because there is one road in and the people driving it are exactly the people they want. The boards cost from about $8K to $40K for a few weeks, and one 2026 campaign reportedly ran to $1M. This is a sourced, year-by-year archive of them, from the first one on record in 2014 to the 20 that were booked for 2020 and never went up.
In April 2022, a few days before the festival that had dropped him as a headliner, Travis Scott's label put up a sequence of billboards along the I-10. The first said "Psst..." The next said "Looking for UTOPIA?" The third said "Wrong way!"496 Scott had been removed from the lineup after Astroworld. The boards were his way onto the road anyway.496
That is the whole idea in three signs. The festival has a lineup. The highway has a second one.
Why the desert
Coachella's own driving directions funnel almost everyone onto the I-10 into the valley.497 Gino Sesto, whose agency DASH TWO has sold Coachella boards since about 2015, put it simply to Billboard:
"It's kind of a perfect storm... you have one way in."498
Sam Keywanfar, whose company MilkMoney supplied billboard content for 26 advertisers that year, said the festivalgoer is "a very hard-to-reach demographic," and the drive is the chance to catch them "in the early part of the journey."498 Ian Dallimore of Lamar, one of the big billboard owners on the route, said artists get to advertise "on the road leading up to" the festival without advertising at it, and called a 14-by-48-foot roadside board "the biggest flex."498
The real target is the phone. Keywanfar again:
"When fans find a billboard they are drawn to and share it, that's the holy grail."498
The same Billboard piece describes artists stopping on the highway to take selfies with their own boards, and non-music brands, from Florence by Mills to the Elton John film Rocketman, following them onto the route the next year.498
Who owns them, who books them
Two owners come up again and again on this stretch. Outfront's own blog describes the I-10 run as "lined on either side with OUTFRONT billboards."499 Billboard calls Lamar "one of the top billboard operators on this stretch."498 Lamar also says it has had a Palm Springs-area operation since 2002; that is the company's own claim.500
The artists and labels mostly don't call them directly. They go through agencies and marketplaces: DASH TWO, a Los Angeles out-of-home agency; MilkMoney, which makes the content; and AdQuick, an online billboard marketplace, which says the inventory "is fragmented across multiple outdoor media owners" with no public map.498501
What it costs
The published prices, in order:
Book early, the brokers say: six to nine months ahead, according to DASH TWO, or four to six, according to AdQuick.504501
Where they are
The boards cluster where the road narrows. Billboard describes about 50 miles of I-10 from Riverside to Indio, and Sesto estimated about 75 boards in the 23 miles from Banning to Palm Springs.498 OOH Today, using StreetMetrics data, counted more than 50 boards between Beaumont and Indio through the San Gorgonio Pass, and measured about 30% more impressions on them during each festival weekend of 2025.506
DASH TWO's own map of the route, which is a sales pitch and should be read as one, starts with the Banning Pass and Cabazon as the first boards drivers from LA and Orange County see, then the split where Highway 111 peels off toward Palm Springs, then the final mile near the polo club.504 The wind turbines are a landmark in their own right; in 2026 Slayyyter staged a bunny-suit stunt there.501
There is also a different kind of board off the interstate. The art biennial Desert X has put billboard works in the valley, starting in 2017 with a work by Jennifer Bolande on the road into Palm Springs.469 The season chapter covers those.
How it started
No one has documented a "first" Coachella billboard. The earliest found for this archive is in a DASH TWO blog post from January 2015, which shows the band Miami Horror "standing proudly in front of their billboard from last year," meaning 2014.507 The same post says only "a handful of billboards" were left for the 2015 festival.507 That is an agency talking about its own work, so it carries a low confidence label below.
Billboard's version is that the boards "first appeared about six years" before its piece, when labels started aiming at festivalgoers and at the performers driving the same road.498 The piece is undated, but it treats 2020 and 2021 as past and 2022 as current, which puts the start at about 2016. By 2019, the outdoor-ad trade body OAAA was writing up Billie Eilish's minimal text boards on the I-10.502
As for how many boards there are, AdQuick tracked 485 on the LA-to-festival route in 2018, 533 in 2019 and 548 in 2022.498 Those count every board on the route, not just festival campaigns.
2020: the boards that never went up
On March 10, 2020, Goldenvoice moved the April festival to October.49 In June, Riverside County cancelled it.50
DASH TWO had booked 20 Coachella billboards for 2020. Sesto told Billboard every one was cancelled.498 Which artists booked them, and whether any creative actually went up that spring, are both unknown. This project found no photo or report of a festival board standing on the I-10 with no festival behind it.
The industry around them fell hard. Out-of-home advertising revenue was down 45% year over year in the second quarter of 2020.508 Outfront's revenue for the year fell 30.6%.509 Lamar's fell 10.5%.510
2022: the comeback
When the festival came back, so did the boards, unevenly. DASH TWO booked 15, five fewer than its cancelled 2020 total. "There's a lot of skepticism still," Sesto said.498 Lamar sold 66 Coachella spots, against 64 in 2019, and Dallimore was upbeat.498
"We're seeing a lot of this business come back bigger, because people feel more comfortable."498
There were fewer faces to go around. Before the pandemic, local car dealers and casinos with year-round contracts sublet their boards to Coachella advertisers at a discount. After the 2020-21 cancellations, they stopped putting those boards in the deal.498
Scott's "Wrong way!" set the tone for what came next: boards built to be photographed, not just read. In 2025, Frank Ocean turned up on a board reading "KIKI BOY 2025," with no explanation.511 Not every board is welcome. In 2024, Goldenvoice demanded that the AIDS Healthcare Foundation take down its "Catch More Than Vibes?" board on the westbound I-10.512 And in 2026, enough boards were vandalized that officials planned stronger security for them.505
How this archive works
The list below is generated from the archive's data, one entry per board or campaign, grouped by year. The rules:
- Every board has a source. Each entry says who reported it, what it showed, where it stood and what it promoted, as far as the sources say. Gaps are left as gaps.
- Every board has a confidence label. High, medium or low, with a note on why. A board seen in several independent reports is high. An agency's own blog post, with no date or location, is low.
- Photos are credited and linked. Official posts by artists, labels and billboard companies are embedded from where they were posted. Fan photos are used only with the photographer's written permission and credit. Nothing is downloaded and rehosted without permission. Where no image can be used, a text card describes the board and links to the source.
- Street View is cited, not copied. Google's terms don't allow Street View screenshots for any purpose.513 So where an old Street View capture shows a board, the entry links to that view and gives Google's capture date, such as "Apr 2019," and the date it was checked. Street View is corroboration, not proof.
- It is updated every spring. In 2026, The Desert Sun photographed the boards on March 31, ten days before the first weekend.514
Instagram roundups collect the boards every year too. They are a good place to look, but a roundup alone isn't enough for a high confidence label.
Send a sighting. Seen a board that isn't here, or have a better photo of one that is? Email hello@thirdpolararch.com with the photo, where you saw it (road, direction, nearest exit) and when. Say whether you'd like to be credited, and how. Either is fine.
Still open
- Before 2014. A Hollywood Reporter headline, "The Road to Coachella Belongs to Republic Records," apparently from around 2013, suggests a label was on the road earlier. The page wouldn't load for this project. If you can read it, we'd like to know what it says.
- The 20 boards of 2020. Who booked them, and whether any creative was ever printed.
- April Street View captures. Which springs Google happened to drive the I-10 during festival season.
The archive
72 boards with at least one solid source, newest first. Every photo link goes to the original post or article and its credit. 16 more sightings rest on social posts alone - they're listed at the bottom until something firmer turns up.
2026
CMAThigh
'Coachella, don't be a bitch!'
"Coachella, don't be a bitch!" beside a cut-out mouth with tooth gems; cherry-red Rocky Horror-style (Paste) / Gaelic-inspired font in red, blue and white (Creative Bloq).
Ethel Cainhigh
'Go see Ethel Cain or the Devil will get you'
"Go see Ethel Cain or the Devil Will Get You" with a red illustration of a girl carrying a scythe - a parody of the I-65 'Go to Church or the Devil Will Get You' sign near Prattville, Alabama.
FKA twigshigh
Checklist board
Three futuristic images of herself with checkmarks beside career milestones: a Grammy win for 'Eusexua', the Body High Tour, and 'Visa'.
Geesehigh
'Let's Drive'
"GEESE / SAT 6PM / GOBI TENT / LET'S DRIVE" with the bassist in an Ice Spice shirt beside a graffiti wall.
Holly Humberstonehigh
'Not in the Midlands anymore'
"You're not in the Midlands anymore… Welcome to Coachella."
Justin Bieberhigh
'SWAG' strip
A strip of billboards with a pastel "SWAG" (his Grammy-nominated album title).
Karol Ghigh
Ten-board Karol G run
Ten billboards, the most of any artist mentioned. Designs reported: a hot-sauce bottle labelled 'Spicy Latina Flavor' spelling 'KAROL G'; a sparkling nameplate necklace reading 'Bichota'; a screenshot of her 2022 tweet "La bichota en Coachella 2022" with exclamation points and gold stars.
KATSEYEhigh
Mona Lisa 'Pinky Up'
The Mona Lisa sipping from a delicate teacup with acrylic nails, promoting 'Pinky Up'.
Laufeyhigh
'Stay out of treble'
"Can this madwoman stay out of treble?!" with music-note theme (Creative Bloq). Paste says it looked made in PicsArt.
Major Lazerhigh
Ozempic iMessage bubble
A lone blue iMessage bubble: "come shake that lil ozempic ass sunday 6pm at major lazer"
Rhode (Hailey Bieber) x Justin Bieberhigh
Rhode boards
Two billboards for Hailey Bieber's Rhode skincare tied to Justin's headlining slot; simple, product-first design. No text reported.
Sabrina Carpenterhigh
'This next billboard is gonna blow your…'
First board: "THIS NEXT BILLBOARD IS GONNA BLOW YOUR" with 'MIND' left off. Next board: a giant image of her in a sparkly silver minidress (Yahoo: lying down) with light bulbs that turn on at sunset.
Sabrina Carpenterhigh
'She told you she'd come again!'
"She told you she'd come again!" over the giant sparkly-dress image (Paste places the text on the second board of the pair; Pedestrian and Creative Bloq quote it). It lights up at night.
Sabrina Carpenter x Redkenhigh
Redken bonding-concentrate board
Desert Sun: "The longer you watch her set, the better it feels," plus "Happy Coachella!" and a red lip imprint. B&T quotes "The longer you wait, the better if feels" (sic).
Swae Lee, 54 Ultra, Anyma, Marlon Hoffstadt, Oklouhigh
UMG/Interscope 2026 artist boards (group entry)
Label-supplied billboard images; no text reported.
Turnstilehigh
Mosh-pit photo board
Photo of the band playing to a moshing crowd in a symmetrical, all-primary-colour design. No text described.
2PACmedium
2PAC board
Billboard image credited to UMG; no text or purpose reported.
Billie Eilish & James Cameronmedium
Eilish/Cameron board
Billboard credited to Billie Eilish & James Cameron. No text reported.
Bini, Fujii Kaze, Max Dean & Luke Dean, DJ Carlita, Riordan, Portola festival, &friendsmedium
Desert Sun gallery boards (group entry)
Photographed March 31, 2026; no text transcribed. Riordan named in text only.
Euphoria (HBO)medium
Euphoria religious-imagery board
Uses religious symbolism; no text reported.
Kali Uchismedium
'Check your Kuchi'
"check you Kuchi" (as printed by Pedestrian) - riff on her name/fanbase.
KATSEYEmedium
'Sahara's Gnarly'
"Sahara's Gnarly" in dripping neon-green font (reference to their track 'Gnarly' and the Sahara tent).
Ollipop (as named by B&T)medium
'Peaches' flushable-wipes pun
Pun referencing headliner Justin Bieber and his song 'Peaches'; promotes flushable wipes. No verbatim text.
PinkPantheressmedium
'Fancy seeing you here…'
"Fancy seeing you here…"
Sexyy Redmedium
Sexyy Red board
No text described; Paste notes it was placed 40-50 miles before the next artist's board.
SKYLRK (Justin Bieber)medium
SKYLRK boards
Billboards for his clothing brand featuring Justin and Hailey Bieber. No text reported.
Slayyytermedium
'I could not afford a billboard' human sign
Not a billboard: three people in bunny suits on the side of I-10 near the windmills holding signs "SLAYYYTER IS THE WOR$T GIRL AT COACHELLA" and "I COULD NOT AFFORD A BILLBOARD."
Sombrmedium
'The e is for excited'
Microsoft Paint-style graphic: "It's 'somber' now. The e is for excited." with a photo of the artist.
Teddy Swimsmedium
Selfie board
A selfie with the text "this fat fuck will make you lose control."
2025
Charli XCXhigh
Scribbled-out 'brat'
'brat' billboard with the word scribbled/crossed out. Uproxx describes the classic brat green; Soapcentral describes a black-and-white design. Outfront says a second billboard offered clues.
Clairohigh
'I got charmed at Coachella' (vandalized)
Original: "I got charmed at Coachella" in lavender text (reference to her album 'Charm'). Altered by taggers: Stereogum reports it read "I got fucked by Clairo at Coachella"; Billboard Brasil and Channel X describe 'charmed' being replaced with a profanity.
Frank Oceanhigh
'KIKI BOY 2025'
"KIKI BOY 2025" on a brown billboard.
Lady Gaga (Interscope Records)high
Mayhem boards
About three to four billboards that did not name her (Outfront). Driftzine quotes "Welcome to mayhem, dance or die?" with her 'monster paw'.
Snow Strippershigh
'GRIM' tag and re-cover
Board covered early April 11 with 'GRIM' in giant letters; label Surf Gang head evilgiane covered the tag with a new Snow Strippers promo.
Tylahigh
'got water?'
"got water?" beside a photo of Tyla - a riff on 'Got Milk?' and her single 'Water'.
Brands: White Fox, Tangle Teezer, Nasty Gal, Postmates, White Clawmedium
2025 brand boards (group entry)
White Fox: five sequential Burma-Shave-style billboards. Tangle Teezer: digital board with 'Manestage Ready' pun. Nasty Gal: rotating contextual messages on digital bulletins. Postmates: copy built on lyrics from performers incl. Megan Thee Stallion and Green Day. White Claw: punny digital copy aimed at bar purchases.
Ed Sheeran (Atlantic Records)medium
Pink coordinates billboard
Cryptic pink billboard with latitude/longitude coordinates and a lyric from his new album.
Laufeymedium
Name-pronunciation billboard
Plays on mispronunciation of her name. Drift Zine quotes: "Still struggling with my name? Visit saylaufey.com to learn." with a selfie.
LISAmedium
Alter Ego billboard
Teases her album 'Alter Ego'. No verbatim text.
Polo & Panmedium
Trompe-l'oeil billboard
Trompe-l'oeil illusion of depth promoting their new album.
Post Malonemedium
Post Malone headliner board
No text reported; Stereogum ranked it last (#15).
TODEC Legal Centermedium
'Real Coachella' farmworker billboards
Ten billboards featuring farmworkers under the campaign name 'Real Coachella'. Verbatim text not reported.
XGmedium
XG who/when/where board
Simple promo stating who, when and where.
Yeatmedium
Yeat board
No text reported; Stereogum #14, 'means nothing' outside his fanbase.
2024
AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF)high
'Catch More Than Vibes?' STD-testing billboard
"Catch More Than Vibes?" with FreeSTDCheck.org.
Lana Del Reyhigh
'Has anyone else died for you?'
"Has anyone else died for you?" with a blood-red cross; bottom right: "Lana Del Rey SNL Jan 14 2012" (referencing her widely criticized 2012 SNL performance).
Reneé Rapphigh
'Good T*ts and Big Heart'
"GOOD T*TS AND BIG HEART" - a lyric from her song 'Tummy Hurts'.
Sabrina Carpenterhigh
'She's gonna make you come'
"She's gonna make you come… To her Coachella set. Sabrina Carpenter. See you Friday!"
Tyler, the Creatorhigh
'Not your phone lights'
"I would love to see y'all faces and not your phone lights."
2023
Tyre Nichols (photographs), Desert X 2023high
Originals
Six of Tyre Nichols' photographs (Memphis steel bridges and sunsets) on roadside billboards, with no added text reported. Desert X: 'the silent beauty of these levitated images stands in stark contrast with the terror.'
boygeniusmedium
Legal-notice billboard
Described only as a 'lawyer-esque notice'. Verbatim text not reported.
boygeniusmedium
Mock-lawyer 'Not strong enough?' billboard
Paraphrased by The Forty-Five: the trio leaning on each other in mock-lawyer ad poses, asking 'Not strong enough?' (a song title from 'the record'). The writer calls it 'just a silly billboard poster to pique excitement for tonight (April 15)'.
2022
Matoma (with Music Saves UA)high
'Drop Beats Not Bombs'
Blue-and-yellow (Ukrainian flag colors) boards; one side reads 'Drop Beats', the other 'Not Bombs' (The Fader). New Hit Singles renders it 'DROP BEATS NOT BOMBS'.
Omar Apollohigh
'Heterosexuality Can Be Cured'
Bold red type on yellow: 'HETEROSEXUALITY CAN BE CURED' / 'JUST WATCH OMAR APOLLO ON FRIDAY'.
Travis Scott / Cactus Jack Recordshigh
Utopia 'Wrong Way' boards
Four sequential billboards: 'PSST….' (also rendered 'Psst…….'), 'Looking for UTOPIA?', 'WRONG WAY!', then the Cactus Jack logo (fourth board reportedly logo only).
Louis the Childmedium
'Louis the Child Is Two People'
'LOUIS THE CHILD IS TWO PEOPLE'
2021
Xaviera Simmons (Desert X 2021)high
Because You Know Ultimately We Will Band A Militia
A series of billboards in standard ad typography with public-domain Met images and text statements. Quoted lines: 'You Are Entering the Reparations Framework'; 'California Once Tried to Ban Black People.'; 'You Keep Our Most Brilliant Minds in a Perpetual Loop of Articulating and Translating the Ramifications of Your Systemic Generational Plunder.'; 'We call for radical distribution of resources because economic precarity is another form of harm.' (beside a portrait of Marsha P. Johnson); 'Rupture your guilt amnesia.'
2019
Cara Romero (Desert X 2019)high
Jackrabbit, Cottontail & Spirits of the Desert
Enlarged photographs of four young Chemehuevi boys as 'time-traveling visitors' returning to ancestral lands; one shows a figure running in front of the Palm Springs wind turbines, another shows all four boys in headdresses beneath the text 'NO WALL'.
Billie Eilishmedium
Billie Eilish I-10 album/Coachella boards
Minimal imagery with scribbled text promoting her latest album (When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?, per release timing - the source says only 'latest album') and her Coachella performance. No verbatim text reported.
2018
KYLE (SuperDuperKyle)medium
'Super Duper Kyle is going to the Moon' rocket-ship billboard
DASH TWO alt text: 'Retro rocket-ship billboard for KYLE, "Super Duper Kyle is going to the Moon," Friday 4:30 PM Main Stage'.
2017
Jennifer Bolande (Desert X art installation, not an artist promo)high
'Visible Distance / Second Sight' landscape billboards
No ad copy. Each billboard showed a photograph of the landscape it blocks, which lines up with the horizon as you approach.
Lady Gagahigh
Lady Gaga Coachella billboard near Highway 10, Palm Springs (Getty photo)
Getty caption: 'A billboard advertising Lady Gaga at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.' Verbatim board text not given.
Kendrick Lamarmedium
'DAMN.' billboard on the road to Coachella
Not described. The post includes a time-lapse of the install.
Lady Gagamedium
Lady Gaga Coachella 2017 billboard
Not described. The time-lapse is titled 'Coachella 2017 Billboard' and notes it went up in windy conditions.
Lady Gagamedium
Lady Gaga wall mural at an Indio liquor store (wallscape, not a billboard)
A Lady Gaga mural. Design and text are not described.
2016
Guns N' Roseshigh
Guns N' Roses Coachella 2016 billboard above Wilshire Blvd
Promotes Guns N' Roses' upcoming Coachella 2016 appearance (Getty caption). Verbatim text not given.
AlunaGeorgemedium
AlunaGeorge Coachella 2016 billboard
Not described in text. A photo is on the page.
Anohnimedium
Anohni Coachella 2016 billboard
Not described in text. A photo is on the page.
BØRNSmedium
BØRNS shimmering 'eye catcher' billboard
Not quoted. HITS describes a billboard that 'sparkles'/shimmers when the wind blows.
Flumemedium
Flume Coachella 2016 billboard
Not described in text. A photo is on the page.
2014
Off-site festival parking (LNR Parking quoted; sponsor not named)medium
Coachella/Stagecoach off-site parking billboard on eastbound I-10
Advertises off-site parking for Coachella and Stagecoach at Avenue 48 and Van Buren in Coachella. It was changed to steer drivers to exit at Dillon Road instead of Monroe or Jefferson. Exact wording not reported.
Unconfirmed sightings
Reported once, mostly on social media. Seen one? Send it in.
- 2026 · Unknown (pro-immigrant): 'Real Coachella' pro-immigrant board (source)
- 2025 · Discolines: Handwritten 'accidentally smoked' board (source)
- 2025 · Djo: 'It's pronounced DJO' (source)
- 2025 · ENHYPEN: ENHYPEN board (source)
- 2025 · FKA twigs: 2025 board installed despite withdrawal (source)
- 2025 · Jennie: 'Have you ever met Jennie?' (source)
- 2025 · Lola Young: 'Come get Messy' (source)
- 2024 · BLXST, Peso Pluma, LE SSERAFIM, Steve Angello, Purple Disco Machine, RCA Records (emerging artists): Other 2024 I-10 artist boards (group entry) (source)
- 2024 · Skepta: Skepta I-10 presence (source)
- 2024 · Tems: Tems boards (source)
- 2023 · BLACKPINK (fan-funded): Fan LED trucks and aerial banners for BLACKPINK's headline sets (source)
- 2023 · Kali Uchis: Kuchis billboard (source)
- 2022 · FINNEAS: 'Naked' pun board (source)
- 2018 · Unknown (possibly KYLE - not stated): Pink 'one-name fame' billboard (Kyle, Elvis, Kanye, Jesus, LeBron, Oprah) (source)
- 2016 · Baauer: Baauer Coachella 2016 billboard (source)
- 2014 · Miami Horror: Miami Horror Coachella billboard (band photo) (source)
Sources for this chapter
22 of the guide's 514 sources. Numbers match the full list.
- Time Out Los Angeles (Michael Juliano) - "Coachella 2020 is getting postponed until October due to coronavirus" - 2020-03-11 - timeout.com
- KESQ (Jesus Reyes) - "Riverside County cancels Coachella, Stagecoach music festivals for 2020" - 2020-06-10 - kesq.com
- Desert X - "Jennifer Bolande: Visible Distance / Second Sight" (Desert X 2017 archive) - n.d. (read 2026-10-31) - desertx.org
- Complex (Brenton Blanchet) - "Travis Scott's 'Utopia' Album Promoted on Billboards Near Coachella, Festival He Was Removed From Headlining" - 2022-04-11 - complex.com
- Coachella - "Driving Directions" - n.d. (read 2026-10-31) - coachella.com
- Billboard Pro - "On the Road to Coachella? Those Billboards Are There Just for You" - 2022 (undated; inferred from content) - billboard.com
- Outfront (Jay Fenster) - "Billboards are the real Coachella influencers" - 2025-04-24 - outfront.com
- Visit Greater Palm Springs - "Lamar Advertising of Palm Springs" (listing) - n.d. - visitgreaterpalmsprings.com
- AdQuick - "What are Coachella billboards and how much do they cost?" - n.d. (2026 observations) - adquick.com
- OAAA - "Billboards headlining at Coachella" - 2019-04-22 - oaaa.org
- Billboard Insider - "Demand Surges for Coachella Festival Billboards" - 2019-04-11 - billboardinsider.com
- DASH TWO (Rodolfo Queiroz) - "Coachella Billboard Ads Updated for 2027" - 2025-08-18 (updated 2026-09-01) - dashtwo.com
- NBC Palm Springs - "Festival Billboards on I-10 Vandalized as Officials Plan Stronger Security" - 2026-04-28 - nbcpalmsprings.com
- OOH Today - "The road to Coachella didn't care which weekend it was" - 2026-04-13 - oohtoday.com
- DASH TWO (Gino Sesto / Kim M. Pham) - "Coachella Billboard Advertising" - 2015-01-20 - dashtwo.com
- Billboard Insider (John Weller) - "US out of home advertising down 45% in Q2 2020" - 2020-08-27 - billboardinsider.com
- Outfront Media - Form 8-K earnings release, fourth quarter and full year 2020 - 2021-02-25 - sec.gov
- The Advocate (Baton Rouge) - Lamar Advertising 2020 results - 2021 - theadvocate.com
- Rolling Stone (Larisha Paul), via Yahoo - "Cryptic Coachella Billboards and Mysterious New Instagram: What Is Frank Ocean Teasing?" - 2025-04-09 - yahoo.com
- NBC Palm Springs (Carmela Karcher) - "Coachella Festival Organizers Demand Removal Of New I-10 Billboard" - 2024-04-02 - nbcpalmsprings.com
- Google - "Geo Guidelines" (Brand Resource Center) - n.d. (read 2026-10-31) - about.google
- The Desert Sun (Ema Sasic), via Yahoo - "Headed to Indio? Be on the lookout for these Coachella billboards" - 2026-04-02 - yahoo.com